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4 days ago · Tobacco Control is a Plan S compliant Transformative Journal. Tobacco Control is an international peer-reviewed journal covering the nature and consequences of tobacco use worldwide; tobacco's effects on population health, the economy, the environment, and society; efforts to prevent and control the global tobacco epidemic through population-level education …
The history of the discovery of the cigarette–lung cancer link ...
Lung cancer was once a very rare disease, so rare that doctors took special notice when confronted with a case, thinking it a once-in-a-lifetime oddity. Mechanisation and mass marketing towards the end of the 19th century popularised the cigarette habit, however, causing a global lung cancer epidemic. Cigarettes were recognised as the cause of the epidemic in the 1940s …
Evolution of tobacco products: recent history and future directions
Mar 1, 2022 · Declines in cigarette smoking prevalence in many countries and the consolidation of the tobacco industry have prompted the introduction of other forms of nicotine delivery. These include electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), heated tobacco products (HTPs) and oral nicotine products (ONPs). Evolving over time, some of these products now deliver nicotine at …
Nicotine pouches: a summary of regulatory approaches across 67 ...
Introduction Nicotine pouches are small, permeable pouches containing nicotine. The nicotine may either be derived from tobacco plants or synthetically produced. Nicotine pouches are available worldwide, but little is known as to how various countries regulate these products. This study summarises nicotine pouch regulatory policies across 67 countries. Methods This …
A study of pyrazines in cigarettes and how additives might be …
Background Nicotine is known as the drug that is responsible for the addicted behaviour of tobacco users, but it has poor reinforcing effects when administered alone. Tobacco product design features enhance abuse liability by (A) optimising the dynamic delivery of nicotine to central nervous system receptors, and affecting smokers’ withdrawal symptoms, mood and …
What public health strategies are needed to reduce smoking …
Smoking initiation is a key behaviour that determines the future health consequences of smoking in a society. There is a marked difference in smoking patterns around the world, driven by initiation rates. While a number of high-income countries have seen smoking prevalence decline markedly from peak, many low-income and middle-income countries appear to still be on an …
Health consequences of smoking 1–4 cigarettes per day
Objectives: To determine the risk in men and women smoking 1–4 cigarettes per day of dying from specified smoking related diseases and from any cause. Design: Prospective study. Setting: Oslo city and three counties in Norway. Participants: 23 521 men and 19 201 women, aged 35–49 years, screened for cardiovascular disease risk factors in the mid 1970s and followed …
European Tobacco Products Directive (TPD): current impact and …
Efforts to reduce the toll of tobacco-related morbidity and mortality in the European Union are spearheaded by the Tobacco Products Directive (TPD), a legal act implemented during 2016–2021, with the overall aim to reduce tobacco consumption by 2% in Europe. Within this time frame, several core tobacco control measures were implemented, the impact of which is …
Prohibition no, abolition yes! Rethinking how we talk about …
As public health advocates struggle over how best to end the cigarette epidemic, one persistent obstacle to developing appropriate policies has been the lingering spectre of ‘prohibition’. A misunderstanding of the USA’s experience with the national ban on sales of alcohol more than a century ago has led even public health advocates to claim that we cannot end the sale of …
Human rights and ethical considerations for a tobacco-free …
Human rights to life and health: protecting children from second-hand smoke. The human right to life is a fundamental right recognised in UDHR article 3, ICCPR article 6 and for children in CRC article 6. The human right to health is recognised in ICESCR article 12. Human rights may be ‘positive’ or ‘negative’: for example, an ...