Nucleophilic substitution reactions remain a cornerstone of organic chemistry, offering a window into the fundamental aspects of reactivity and selectivity in molecular transformations. At the heart ...

The Nature Index 2025 Research Leaders — previously known as Annual Tables — reveal the leading institutions and countries/territories in the natural and health sciences, according to their output in ...

CBSE Class 12 Organic Chemistry is often seen as memory-heavy, but it is built on clear patterns. From functional groups and reaction mechanisms to redox behaviour and named reactions, recognising ...