As urbanization and climate change bring more coupled risks to cities, a new study in Engineering offers practical ...

Complex systems are what emerge when basic building blocks come together to generate something new. These emergent properties can be unpredictable, powerful, and even beautiful, and they are the heart ...

From the perspective of complex systems, the study reveals the ... urbanisation or how these models can convey the changes in city systems over time. Africa, recognised as one of the most rapidly ...

Get Instant Summarized Text (Gist) The evolution of African urban systems follows universal laws like Zipf's and Gibrat's, but with unique regional variations. Analysis of over 9,200 cities from ...