cultural and legal—between 19th-century Chinese immigrants and other white and nonwhite pioneers who came to America's western territories from all parts of the globe. "Let us consider the vile ...

Amazing pictures of 19th century Sydney show life for women in ... were able to mix for the first time They tell the story of Chinese immigrant Quong Tart who went from the goldfields to Sydney ...

In his campaign for re-election in 1852, he urged fellow citizens to "check this tide of Asiatic immigration," claiming that the Chinese were incapable of becoming American. They could not assimilate.

America's mid-19th Century expansionist agenda of "manifest destiny ... This nativism resulted in a series of increasingly restrictive immigration policies. The precedent set by the Chinese Exclusion ...